Friday, May 4, 2007

THE FATE OF THE FORESKIN.

THE FATE OF THE FORESKIN - A STUDY OF CIRCUMCISION.
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-
In order to decide whether a child's foreskin should be
ablated the normal anatomy and function of the structure at
different ages should be understood; the danger of conserving the
foreskin must then be weighed against the hazards of the operation,
the mortality and after-effects of which must be known.
------------oooooOooooo------------

IN MEMORY OF THE SEXUALLY MUTILATED CHILD.

This summary is not available. Please click here to view the post.

QUACK CANCER CLAIMS REVEAL BIAS OF A.A.P.

Quack cancer claims reveal bias of A.A.P.

 
 
 
Pediatricians have a vested interest in encouraging
you to circumcise your child.
 
They make money by $elling $urgery.
 
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
Many pediatricians continue to profit from
unnecessary
surgery by misleading parents with claims
that they can prevent
cancer.
If you were sold unnecessary surgery for your child as
a result of false or exaggerated claims by the AAP and
your pediatrician, then you may have grounds for a lawsuit.
 
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 
 
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
.

Wednesday, May 2, 2007

NO SKIN OFF MY DICK.

~~~~ No Skin Off My Dick ~~~~

Anticircumcision Conference Unfolds in Seattle
August 30, 2006.
DR. JOHN GEISHEKER UW intactivist.

I hold the restroom door closed while Pat Blank pretends to use the urinal. He unzips his fly, untangles his penis, and presents his 61-year-old circumcision scar and the new foreskin he's stretched for himself.
Let me back up.
Blank befriended me at the Ninth International Symposium on Circumcision, Genital Integrity, and Human Rights. Part academic conference, part anticircumcision rally, this year's symposium is in Seattle, running August 24–26, home to the national organization Doctors Opposing Circumcision.
DOC's executive director is local attorney John Geisheker. He's busted his balls bringing the event to the University of Washington. He had help from Marilyn Milos, who 20 years ago started the National Organization of Circumcision Information Resource Centers (NOCIRC), which has copresented all nine symposiums. At the first one in Anaheim, they laid out the principles of "intactivism," primarily: "...the inherent right of all human beings to an intact body... the foreskin, clitoris, and labia are normal, functional body parts... anyone practicing genital mutilation is violating Article V of the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights... [against torture and cruel and inhuman treatment]."
The International AIDS Conference was held a week earlier in Toronto, where Bill Clinton voiced support for controversial HIV research involving circumcision. The report claimed that men with foreskins are 60 percent more likely to contract HIV than circumcised men. In reaction, a petition is circulating around the symposium entreating the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to pursue a vaccine instead of "embroiling Third World citizens as test subjects in a giant experiment that has already proved a failure in the U.S."
Between 55 and 65 percent of American males are circumcised, depending on who's counting. Most First World countries (i.e., Europe) circumcise less than 5 percent of their boys. Yet, according to UNAIDS statistics, our HIV adult-prevalence rate is double that of Western Europe. The "correlation" buoys the intactivists.
The intactivists also like to point out that while the American Association of Pediatricians says circumcision may protect against urinary-tract infections and penile cancer, the benefits aren't strong enough to recommend it be routinely performed on infants. A 2000 "trade-off analysis" conducted by UW researchers reported that for every circumcision complication in Washington, only six boys avoided urinary-tract infections. For every two complications, only one case of penile cancer was prevented.
The auditorium at UW's Johnson Hall, with around 120 attendees, roars whenever a speaker cites these facts and calls for an end to genital mutilation. The lobby is filled with books, videos, T-shirts, and "Not circumcised? Lucky stiff!" bumper stickers. There are more than 40 presentations, including anthropological data, gruesome medical reports, legislative and judicial updates, stories of desperation and inspiration, and a musical lament for the foreskin by local songwriter Jess Grant: "Every time I go to the bathroom to take a pee/I'm holding the evidence of what they did to me...."
Many of the attendees are males, or mothers of males, who were damaged physically and psychologically by circumcision. They claim they won't surrender while boys are still being subjected to the same trauma.
"One of the deepest instincts we have is to protect our reproductive organs. If someone did it to you right now, you'd hunt the bastard down," says William Stowell, the first American adult male to sue a doctor over neonatal (newborn) circumcision. He's counseling Arthur Coons, a 19-year-old student at UW who's contemplating a similar lawsuit. "That was my mindset. It's not anymore."
I ask whether Coons's circumcision was "medically successful" or "botched." "Is there a circumcision that isn't botched?," he replies. "I'm a runner and it hurts like hell. It's not comfortable, a lot of problems came from it. So, no, I don't think there is such a thing as a medically successful circumcision."
Pat Blank—whose involvement in the campaign dates back to NOCIRC's inception in San Francisco in 1986—is a small, talkative man with a turquoise headband, sandals, and a flair for dick puns. He estimates he's been with more than 6,000 men. (Throughout the '70s he was a callboy, but with the '80s' AIDS crisis he became a professional masseur, giving deep rubs and handjobs.) This weekend, he becomes my fixer, pointing out the circumcision-opposing Jews mingling around the tables in the lobby. He scores me a DVD of the circumcision-debunking episode of Penn & Teller's Bullshit! He introduces me to one of the first doctors to oppose circumcision, Dr. Paul Fleiss, "pediatrician to the stars" and father of Hollywood madam Heidi Fleiss.
On Friday, Blank points out Dr. Paul Tinari, an intactivist celebrity and last-minute presenter: At age 8, priests at Tinari's boarding school circumcised him as punishment for masturbating. Earlier this year, Tinari became the first Canadian to have his provincial health service pay for foreskin-replacement surgery.
I follow Tinari to a basement classroom where 17 gray-haired doctors are gathered for box lunches and a strategy discussion. Tall, gaunt, and furious, Tinari hijacks the meeting just as Geisheker, the Seattle-based attorney who heads DOC, has begun detailing the budget, labor, and membership shortfalls facing the organization.
"Everyone I hear are waving their arms and saying we don't have a stick big enough to hit back at this issue," Tinari announces. "I've come to the conclusion, after years of studying, that no appeal to morality will ever end circumcision. You have to make it so financially painful that it ends by punishing practitioners. How do you do that? I may have the tool that we've been looking for."
Tinari's big stick is "nanobacteria," a slowly replicating pathogen that is transmitted in the same ways as HIV. In a letter to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tinari links nanobacteria to everything from Alzheimer's disease to breast cancer and claims nanobacteria enter the body through neonatal circumcision. Thus, the door is open for lawsuits against doctors and hospitals.
Tinari's fiery-eyed delivery energizes some doctors, especially the delegation from England. Others, including Dr. Fleiss, are skeptical. Tinari's doctorate is in engineering, not medicine. In Canada, he's "Dr. Future," a futurist who once told the Vancouver Courier that cyborg insects will one day be used for military reconnaissance.
Geisheker tells Tinari he doubts the plan's feasibility, considering the prohibitive legal costs. Geisheker has funded several cases out of his own pocket. "I find it weird," he tells me later. "I'm perfectly open to the idea, but I need to see the science before I run it up the flagpole."
Later, Tinari contributes his strategy for combating Islamic circumcision: "You casually say 'show me the verse in the Koran which calls for circumcision.' There is none. Then you can really hit them: 'Well I guess you want your kids to look Jewish.'" The doctors burst into hysterical laughter. Especially the Jewish ones.
I sneak off to bum a clove cigarette from Primus Lake, an Indonesian STD researcher whose stumbling English keeps him from mingling. As we talk and smoke, he presents a conundrum.
Imagine you're out in the Indonesian drylands, educating non-Muslim men about the dangers of their adult-circumcision ritual, which requires them to screw three women to purify their open circumcision wounds. They already believe the rite makes them impervious to disease. Now, imagine that globally recognized authority figure Bill Clinton announces that circumcision can prevent AIDS.
"It will be a disaster," says Lake, who attended the Toronto conference. "Logically, [HIV transmission] is connected to our behavior. If you're having risky sex and don't use a condom, although you are circumcised, you are still at risk. "I told them, 'we can help people do it the right way, but don't promote it!'"
In addition to pointing me to the experts, it turns out Blank is a bit of an expert himself. More than 75 percent of his clients, he says, are circumcised men. But his incredible breadth of cock knowledge isn't conventional enough for public presentation. Blank drags me to the restroom to illustrate "tugging," the application of constant pressure to the skin behind the head of the penis. (This is how I first ended up in the stall looking at Blank's penis.)
"The severely circumcised male cannot be gotten off with just the tightness of my fist. He has to have his nipples pinched, he has to have to his balls pulled on, he has to be finger-fucked."
Blank says people need to understand the purpose of the foreskin: glans preservation, sexual lubrication, and additional nerve endings. Even smegma—the accumulated gunk that circumcision aims to prevent—has a purpose. "For all the stink and cheese, that smell is there for two reasons: to attract and to repel," Blank says. "The genitals are the flowers of our body. When the petals are removed, the fragrance dissipates. That fragrance, our individual stamp, is what is ripped out of our sexual experience when you're circumcised."
It looks like a toothless mouth sucking an apricot. As he retracts the pseudo-foreskin, I see the head is pale and moist. "I've regained 25 percent of the sensitivity," he brags—then stuffs it away.
----------ooooooOoooooo----------

INSTRUMENTS USED IN THE CIRCUMCISION INDUSTRY.

Instruments Used in the Circumcision Industry.

 
 
 
If anyone doubts the existence of a "circumcision industry", one need only view the products shown here; just a smallsampling of the dozens of medical, religious and tribal devices used for male genital mutilation customs.

In addition,circumcisers themselves (medical, religious and tribal) receive financial rewards or some other remuneration.

In the West, bio-tissue companies use amputated newborn foreskins to create profitable artificial skin products...
 
 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 

"If one were not told the purpose of these devices, one could
easily mistake them for ancient tools of torture."

 

 
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
.

CIRCUMCISION FAQs.

Circumcision FAQs

 

What is circumcision?


Circumcision in men involves the cutting off of the
foreskin protecting the head (glans penis).

It contains nerve endings that play a part in sexual pleasure
and its glands produce of the penis.

As the only moving part of the penis, the foreskin
facilitates sexual activity.
Lubricants that help protect both the head of the
penis and the female vagina.

It is generally removed for religious reasons but may
take place for medical ones.

-----ooOoo-----


Stop! You’re making my eyes water!
Why is it such a controversial subject?

Circumcision is a painful subject in more ways than one.

Wars have even been fought over it.

Because of its religious associations, it can be difficult for
people to talk about circumcision on health terms alone.

Malehealth, however, deals only with the health side.
Many men are happy with their circumcisions but we’ve
had emails from men who are suicidal because of the
problems resulting from their circumcision.

We even heard from a terrified fifteen year-old who had
been told at school that if his glans was not visible when
he had an erection he would have to be circumcised.

Our doctor’s reaction? ‘Who is teaching this guff?’

If you’re considering circumcision for yourself or a child,
you’ll want to know all the facts not just the religious ones.
Fact number one is that the foreskin is perfectly healthy and
harmless and, like any other human tissue, should only be
removed for a good reason.

Whatever your personal views on what constitutes good reason,
remember that no surgery is without risk and that circumcision
is surgery in a very delicate place that can fundamentally
effect both physical and psychological well-being.

-----ooOoo-----

How many men are circumcised?


Nobody really knows but organisations campaigning against
it estimate that worldwide about one in four males are circumcised.

National rates vary widely from about 80% of males in the
USA to 2% in Sweden, where non-medical circumcision
is now illegal in children.

In the UK, the number of circumcisions for medical reasons
has fallen from 35% of English boys in the 1930s to 6.5% in
the 1980s and today some 12,200 such circumcisions
are performed annually.

Some doctors consider that this is still far too many.

-----ooOoo-----

What are the medical reasons for circumcision?


There are three main reasons for circumcision but
doctors disgree on how promptly circumcision should
be offered as the treatment.

Some see it as a last resort;
others will suggest it sooner.
Phimosis... In babies, the foreskin and the glans
develop as one, only separating during childhood.

As a result the infant foreskin is frequently tight and inelastic.

Some doctors may suggest circumcision in these circumstances.

Others say that generally the foreskin loosens by the age of
three and that true phymiosis, which affects fewer
than 1% of boys,
is very rare before the age of five.
If possible, watchful waiting is sensible in suspected phimosis b
ecause the vast majority of foreskins loosen themselves naturally.

While only 4% of baby boys have a retractable foreskin,
98-99% of 18 year-olds do.

The figures are from the British Medical Journal, 1993,
the same article that revealed that many surgeons
simply cannot tell the difference between an everyday
tight foreskin and true phimosis.

Balanitis...In Balanitis the glans and/or the foreskin
become inflamed.

It can affect men of all ages including boys
(most commonly around the age of three or four).
Poor hygiene, a tight foreskin, skin disorders allergy to
products such as soap or washing powder or to the latex
or spermicides in condoms can all damage the skin and,
if this becomes infected, balantitis can develop.

Balanitis is not transmitted sexually but a bacteria called
candida which can cause it is. Sex may also damage the skin.

It is best avoided by keeping the penis clean, especially under
the foreskinm but in recurrent cases circumcision might be offered.
(In adults it may be offered as a treatment if a tight foreskin
is making sex painful.)

-----ooOoo-----

Can circumcision help prevent cancer?

There is little evidence of this.

Circumcision in childhood - but not as an adult - may reduce
the risk of penile cancer but this disease is very rare
anyway and the real risk factors are poor personal
hygiene and smoking.

Indeed, the countries with the highest rates of circumcision
(USA, for example) are also those with the highest
rates of penile cancer.

-----ooOoo-----

Can circumcision reduce the risk of a sexually transmitted disease.

(STD)
or HIV/AIDS?

Another controversial area.

Some sexually transmitted diseases appear more common
in uncircumcised men, others in circumcised men.
Two particular concerns for circumcised men are that:
they are less likely to notice the symptoms of the STD
chlamydia - the incidence of which is increasing in the UK
- so heightening their risk of passing it on; and,
they
appear more likely to develop penile warts.
As regards AIDS, the iinternational not-for-profit health
organisation the Cochrane Collaboration has reviewed
all the research into circumcision and HIV and
concluded that that there is insufficient evidence
to support the idea that circumcised men have less
chance of contracting HIV.

However, it should be said that not all scientists agree with this.
What everyone agrees on is that all men can reduce the
risk of an STD or HIV by using a condom.

-----ooOoo-----

Is circumcision safe?


It is generally accepted that there are serious complications
in perhaps 2% of medical circumcisions – 1 in 50.

(Figures are obviously higher if the surgeon or hygiene
practices are below hospital standard.)

Complications include bleeding, infection, ulceration
and psychological and sexual problems.

The operation is generally carried out under local
anaesthetic for boys and general anaesthetic for men.

Usually, the patient is discharged the same day but
many describe the operation and its aftermath as painful.

-----ooOoo-----

Is it reversible?

Some men think so.
There are videos and packs available which claim to
show circumcised men how to restore themselves
but these should be approached with caution.

-----ooOoo-----

Are there alternative treatments for a tight foreskin?

Yes. These include steroid creams, stretching methods
and less-invasive surgery.

Most physicians will try these before resorting to circumcision.
Dr Ian Banks, president of the Men’s Health Forum says:
‘In the UK we circumcise boys and men more than
most other European countries with no real evidence
to support the practice.
You should lubricate your penis well with a water
based jelly and pull the foreskin increasingly further
back until you can achieve a full retraction while the penis is flaccid.

Do not do this with an erect penis as it may prove difficult to
bring the foreskin back to its rightful place.

Real eye watering stuff.

Once you can achieve this, and it may be painful, try
doing it with the penis in various stages of increasing erection.

Always return the foreskin immediately.

If you leave it retracted while very tight it can cause the
blood to remain inside the penis making it get even bigger
(the basis of 'cock rings' and the vacuum device for impotence).’

-----ooOoo-----

How can I avoid a tight foreskin?


You'll like this one.

There’s one very easy way.

A study in the British Journal of Sexual Medicine in
1997 of men aged 18-22 found that those with a tight
foreskin either never masturbated or used an unusual technique.

Once they did masturbate in a more conventional way
(ie. an up and down motion mimicking sex), the problem
righted itself in a few weeks.


-----ooOoo-----

Just so I know, what are the religious reasons?
The majority of religious circumcisions are carried out
among Jewish, Muslim and African tribal communities.
To Jews, the practice, which is usually carried out when a boy
is eight days old, represents the covenant between Abraham and God.

To Muslims, it as a sign of submission to God although most
do not regard circumcision, which is not mentioned
in the Koran, as obligatory.
Those who oppose religious circumcision say it is a painful,
psychologically damaging and oppressive tradition designed
to subjugate the individual and his or her sexuality.


 
----------oooooOoOoOooooo----------
 
 
----------oooooOoOoOooooo----------
 
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Monday, April 30, 2007

AMERICA WAKE UP!

CIRCUMCISION INFORMATION NETWORK
Volume 2, Number 40, 11 December 1995
E-mail: CircInfoNe@aol.com


AMERICA, WAKE UP:

CARE OF THE INTACT
Contributed by rverner@dds.nl (Robin Verner)


Circumcision myths that so abound in your country.

It is not terribly unusual for a six year-old boy's foreskin to balloon when he urinates. This is no reason to rush him off to surgery!
Let me give you a personal experience as an example of how to handle this in
the European way.


Several years ago a single mother friend of mine had a six year-old boy whose
ballooning foreskin was quite impressive. His foreskin seemed absolutely
closed and totally unretractable. One day when he and I stood at the toilet
together, I told him to work on stretching his foreskin by always pushing it
back as far as he could when urinating. I demonstrated on myself what I
meant by this. It was only three weeks later that we stood at the toilet
again, and he proudly showed me how he could now push it all the way back,
just as he had seen me do!
All this fatherless boy needed was a father or older brother or friend to
teach him how to handle himself, and a few weeks of stretching time. In
America you would have ordered surgery for this boy! Astounding!
Would this boy have gotten the information he needed if he lived in America?
Can a boy even see how to urinate in your country? This is just one example
of how the various sexual phobias in your country interfere with the normal
transfer of sexual information to young boys. Your culture and your bodies
are being cut by the same knife. You cannot rescue the bodies in your
country until you rescue your culture from the puritan heritage.
Are Americans ready to change their behavior, defy the local social
conventions, and actively work against the sexual phobias that have become
established there? I hope so, because it is a mistake for advocates against
sexual mutilation to think they can avoid dealing with this problem.
The efforts aimed at stopping routine neonatal circumcision in the US will
have only limited success as long as you continue to cut boys like the one in
this example. The 5% to 10% circumcision rate of intact boys in the US is a
major (and in a twisted way, valid) justification for the continuation of
routine neonatal circumcision. Fewer than one percent of boys ever get cut
for medical reasons in Continental Europe. Even so, in a large number of
these cases the reasons are questionable.
Fathering Magazine has set up a WWW page on stretching techniques that may be of particular interest for American readers. It can be found under the "Care
of Intact Boys" section in the Circumcision section of Fathering Magazine.
Good luck to your young American boys with their new foreskins. Now they
just have to learn how to keep them!
--Robin Verner, editor
The Fathering HomePage - Fathering Magazine
http://www.xs4all.nl/~sheldon/fathering.html

-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-

SHAME ON U.S.
Contributed by Patrick Hublou (phublou@innet.be), Proponent and co-moderator of Sci.med.midwifery.

--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--

I'm a Flemish midwife presently working in a birth center in Bend, Oregon.
I'm really shocked about the number of circumcisions performed in such a
civilized country as the U.S.A. Even more shocking is the fact that male
genital mutilation seems here to be mainly just an option to check off on the
post partum form like 'breastfeeding of formula.' The latter subject is
otherwise covered very well during all prenatal visits.
In Belgium luckily this barbaric practice isn't common. As far as I know,
only Muslim and Jews have their boys circumcised.

--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--o--


FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATION
BY IMMIGRANTS

IS CAUSE FOR CONCERN IN U.S.


The New York Times, 10 December 1995
By Barbara Crosette
Contributed by Barry Ellsworth (BarryBE@aol.com)

-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-
[Editor's note: Below are excerpts, some of which are especially relevant to
the issue of male genital mutilation (MGM). The activist in question Meserak
("Mimi") Ramsey is opposed to MGM as well as FGM. She has been quoted in a
previous issue of the CIN as saying, "Cut is cut, mutilation is mutilation."]

-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-0-
A couple of years ago, Meserak Ramsey dropped in on a birthday party in
California and saw a little girl huddled in a corner.
Ms. Ramsey, an immigrant from Ethiopia and a nurse, wondered what was wrong.
She was stunned when the girl's Ethiopian-American mother said that her
daughter, barely 18 months old, was recovering from the removal of her
clitoris and that the painful procedure had been done in Washington, D.C.
"For this to happen to a girl in the most civilized country in the world, for
a child to go through this torture -- I was enraged!" Ms. Ramsey said in an
interview. She turned her anger into a national campaign.
Worldwide, it is estimated that more than 100 million girls and women are
living with the results of the procedure, which is done, usually without
anesthesia, in the name of destroying sexual sensation.

It is sometimes fatal.
In strong family settings, women -- often grandmothers -- have been the
enforcers of the practice, exerting tremendous pressures on succeeding
generations of mothers and daughters.
In Egypt, experts on the issue say, even well-educated parents are led to
believe that a girl has to undergo the procedure to be socially acceptable
and marriageable.
"How could [one] do this? [Referring to FGM to prevent promiscuity]" Ms.
Ramsey said. "Do you cut off the hand of a boy because you are afraid he
might grow up a thief? Our brains are in our heads, not between our legs."
Ms. Ramsey, who says she underwent an excruciatingly painful mutilation at
the age of 6, says that African families in the U.S. often send girls home to
Ethiopia or other countries to have their genitals removed in crude
operations. Other communities raise money collectively to bring a
practitioner here.
The pain of seeing the practice continue often becomes unbearable for Ms.
Ramsey, she said, because at 42 she is forced to relive almost daily her own
slow progression to a full understanding of what was done to her.
Psychologically, she is tormented by the thought of sensual experiences she
has missed, and she searches for a doctor who may be able to rebuild her.

"I want to feel how American women feel," she said.
She tells a story of inviting a young American couple to stay with her some
years ago. When the woman screamed one night, Ms. Ramsey ran to their room
to help, only to be told kindly that her friends were just making love and
that the woman had had an orgasm.
"I didn't understand," she said. "I thought there must be something wrong
with American girls. But now I know that there is something wrong with me."

-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-o-

CASE AGAINST CIRCUMCISION - Mothering.

The Case Against Circumcision.

 
 

[ Mothering Magazine Article ]

[ By Paul M. FleissIssue 85, Winter 1997. ]


--------------------------o-oOo-o-------------------------
 

In one of our most-requested articles, Mothering explores why
circumcision is hardly ever necessary, and how parents can
empower themselves to avoid ceding to the "claims"
of the 'billion-dollar-a-year' circumcision industry.

 
 
.



THE CASE AGAINST CIRCUMCISION.

The case against Circumcision.
==== ==== ==== ==== ====
[BRITISH JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE:
Pages 6-8, September/October 1994.]
-----oOOoOoOOo-----
The practice of circumcision, still widespread in some
countries, has little to commend it, and much to answer for!

HOW STUFF WORKS: CIRCUMCISION.

 How Circumcision Works.

 
 
It's­ a common scenar­io, but one that most of us don't think about until faced
with the decision: If I had a son, would I have him circumcised?
 
Circumcision, the surgical removal of the foreskin that normally covers the head
of the penis, is a relatively simple procedure, but it's not one you want to
see go badly -- especially if your son (or you) is the patient.
 
Sometimes, the answer is made easier by a strong religious or cultural belief.
Most (but not all) Jews and Muslims circumcise their male children.
 
Throughout Africa, some tribes uniformly circumcise and others uniformly do not.
 
If you were born in the United States in the last 30 years or so, there's
about a 3-in-5 chance that you're circumcised (unless you're Hispanic,
in which case the odds are much lower).
 
After examining all available data in 1999, the American Association of
Pediatrics decided ­not to endorse circumcision for infant boys.
 
The AAP didn't recommend against it either, offering the opinion that parents
should make an informed decision for themselves.
 
­If you're not Jewish or Muslim, what is the basis for your decision?
 
Should the child be circumcised only if the father is circumcised?
 
Would you "cross over," or decide not to circumcise even though all the
male members of your family have been circumcised (or vice versa)?
 
Is it a dangerous practice?
 
Does circumcision really lower the risk of being infected with a STD?
 
Is it cruel?
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 
  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ooOoo~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
.

MEN CIRCUMCISED IN INFANCY OR CHILDHOOD.

A Preliminary Poll of Men Circumcised
in Infancy or Childhood.

 
 
 
An estimated 650 million males and 100 million females living today were genitally altered as children.
 
Annually, 13 million boys and 2 million girls in developing and developed nations undergo customs of genital cutting, euphemistically termed ‘circumcision.’
 
-----------------------------------------ooooOoooo----------------------------------------
 
 
-----------------------------------------ooooOoooo----------------------------------------
 
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